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90% of sporadic colorectal carcinomas carry loss-of-function mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, which encodes a scaffolding protein mediating constitutive destruction of the ?-catenin transcriptional co-activator in the absence of Wnt ligand. DKFZ inventors detected NKD1 and C10orf54 as biomarkers for identification of Wnt/?-catenin modulating compounds, such as small molecules, interfering RNAs, peptides and antibodies and thus can be used for the development of a kit or an assay for detection of such compounds. This kit or assay can additionally be used as a companion diagnostic resource to identify patients in need of a treatment that modulates the Wnt/?-catenin signaling pathway (e.g. targeted therapy).

The technology is a method for determining the in vivo localization of double-strand breaks in a host cell using a linear polynucleotide.

The TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to be involved in apoptosis, cell survival, migration and proliferation. DKFZ inventors identified a multitude of genes encoding proteins that are associated with cell death induction by TRAIL. According to its individual function, inhibition or activation of the respective gene or gene product is assumed to have beneficial effects on cancer treatment. The technology can be used to screen for small molecules, antibodies or siRNAs that are capable of modulating TRAIL-induced cell death, thus having the potential to kill cancer cells or to sensitize cancer cells to established cancer drugs.

Currently, Multileaf Collimators (MLC) are established and state of the art in numerous devices for radiotherapy used for cancer treatment. However, the established MLC comprising 80 and more leafs require an enormous space at the level of the leaves together with corresponding drive elements and position measuring/ acquisi-tion. Since space is very limited within the head of linear accelerators DKFZ developed a smaller sized Compact MLC, which prototype was tested successfully.

Many light emitting entities routinely used, in cell biological settings show a dipole orientation. If the exact z position of the light emitting entity is unknown, using simple two-dimensional Gaussian fit algorithms to the light intensity distribution of a range of emitted light, may lead to calculation errors of the x- and y-position of several 10nm. The invention discloses a method for calculation of the exact spatial position and orientation of a light emitting in a sample.

Monoclonal Antibody against Neurofibromin as a diagnostic and prognostic Marker for Glioma Treatment. The proof of concept is established with Biopsy Material. The antibody is fast, reliable & ready to use.