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This invention describes a new process for the carbonylation of aryl derivatives with the aid of a metal-free organic photocatalyst.

The more symmetrical the knees, the faster the runner. This is the result of a study by an international group of researchers led by Rutgers University and…

When two detectors are switched on in the US next year, the Cardiff team hope their research will help scientists pick up the faint ripples of black hole…

A team of University of Houston (UH) chemistry researchers have developed a molecule that assembles spontaneously into a lightweight structure with microscopic…

Corrosion of steel in concrete is a global problem, leading to billions of dollar in repair and maintenance cost. A reliable diagnosis of the condition of a reinforced concrete structure is the basis for an effective life cycle management.
Potential mapping allows a location of areas with a high risk of chloride induced corrosion of steel in concrete. Typically, a half cell potential is measured with a high resistive voltmeter between an external reference electrode and the reinforcement. However, this method requires the local destruction of the concrete cover to establish a galvanic contact between steel bars and the reference electrode. In some cases older structures cannot be analysed reliably due to the discontinuity of the reinforcement.
The novel Delta-Sensor Concrete Corrosion Analyser overcomes these disadvantages by measuring without a reinforcement connection through a direct measurement of the surface potentials between three CuSO4 half cells and the determination of the field gradient in the vicinity of depassivated reinforcement areas. The results are plotted in a corrosion map, showing precisely the position of critical areas in the concrete structure.

Astronomers have theorized that as a field galaxy falls into a cluster of galaxies, it encounters the cloud of hot gas at the centre of the cluster. As the…