Bifunctional catalysts for water oxidation and oxygen reduction
In this invention, a method was developed for preparing energy efficient dual function catalysts for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) whose overvoltage between the ORR and the OER is lower than that achieved by the precious Pt, RuO2 and IrO2 catalysts. The invention thus achieves an important goal of substituting precious metal-based catalysts with low-cost, high performance catalysts for use in metal-air batteries, alkaline fuel cells, alkaline water electrolyzers, and in unitized regenerative fuel cells.
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